DENVER, Oct. 9 (UPI) -- A lack of microbe-fighting ability in the skin of people with eczema could lead to new treatments for the disease and affect programs to vaccinate the U.S. population against smallpox
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The new research suggests the main reason about 30 percent of eczema patients get skin infections so often is due to their skin's inability to produce key protective molecules -- peptides called cathelicidins and beta-defensins.
"This is the first demonstration of disease in humans caused by lacking the ability to produce the antimicrobial peptides (in the skin) that kill invading microbes
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In research to be published in the Oct. 10 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, Leung and colleagues studied the skin of people with eczema and the skin of people with psoriasis
canada goose jakker billig, an inflammatory disease in which patients rarely suffer the skin infections so common in eczema patients. Analysis showed most psoriasis patients had at least 10 times more of the peptides in their skin as eczema patients. In fact, many eczema patients had no detectable amounts of the antimicrobial peptides.
The study also determined the peptides killed colonies of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, a common cause of skin infections
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In people without eczema
Canada goose, cathelicidins and beta-defensins are produced by keratinocytes -- cells in the skin -- in response to inflammation or microbial attack. These unique molecules have the ability to destroy the outer surface of bacteria and viruses.
People with eczema also have keratinocytes but lack the ability to produce the antimicrobial molecules. The use of the smallpox vaccine, which is made from a different virus and cannot cause smallpox, is known to cause devastating skin infections, and other extremely severe reactions, in people with eczema.
"These patients can't get smallpox vaccine because they get a complication called eczema vaccinatum, Leung. We believe that this deficiency of antimicrobial peptide may provide insight into their inability to ward off smallpox vaccination because this is a live viral vaccine and it appears that this virus replicates very well in the skin of people with atopic dermatitis
canada goose jacka, however, further research is needed to test this hypothesis," Leung told United Press International.
Contact with a person who recently was vaccinated could cause severe illness in the people with a history of atopic dermatitis. "It is conceivable that up to half of the population currently would not be eligible to routinely receive smallpox vaccination," Leung wrote in an article published in the Sept. issue of the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
"Understanding things such as these peptides ... will help teach us how we naturally prevent and fight infection and thus it provides potential targets for new therapies and new approaches to diseases," said Karl Beutner, a dermatologist at University of California at San Francisco, and at Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences, Petaluma, Calif., a company not affiliated with Dow Chemical.
A peptide molecule would not be that complicated to make, according to David Voron, a dermatologist and professor of medicine at University of Southern California in Los Angeles. "It's just a string of amino acids. It would be kind of clever to build that and then apply it to the skin of atopics (eczema patients) and see if it did actually prevent infection," Voron told UPI.
Eczema, also called atopic dermatitis
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(Reported by Joe Grossman, UPI Science News, in Santa Cruz
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