cause is unknown or can only be suspected. Thus far no phenomenon indicative of an intrauterine development of hydrocephalus has been discovered, and the pregnancy differs in no wise from the normal. Hydrocephalus may show itself after birth in the following forms. At times there is abnormal enlargement of the head or perhaps unusual small- ness (microcephalia). Again, the head may at first be of normal dimen- sions and enlargement occurs. Beats by Dre headphones online later. Acquired chronic hydrocephalus some- times develops soon after birth, in other cases it is latent. It may arise while the fontanelles and sutures are open or after the skull has closed. In the newborn there are certain primary infectious diseases, particularly of the gastrointestinal tract, that have a bearing on the development of the malady. Then th. Beats by Dre studio ere arises thrombosis of the venous sinuses in the skull (Marfan), or inflammation of the ependyma of the ventricles and of the meninges, or inflammation of the choroid plexus, which are associated with a profuse exudation of serous fluid. In other cases there are nutritive and circulatory disturbances of the most varied acute and chronic diseas. Beats by Dre site http://www.beatsdre-bydre.com monster Beats solo hd headphones ses of the brain, or hydremia which produces an increase of the exudation of cerebrospinal fluid. Occasionally in cerebral sclerosis there is an enormous effusion of fluid (hydro- cephalus ex vacuo) in the ventricles, or hydrocephalus follows a distribution of the sclerosis to the ventricular walls, with an implication of the choroid plexus. The ventr. cheap Beats dr Dre on sale headphones icle in the hemisphere which is the seat of sclerosis is more markedly dilated than the other. Hydrocephalus may also arise from restricted circulation of the cerebro- spinal fluid due to inflammatory processes, i. e., closure of the foramen of Monro causes a dilatation of the lateral ventricle and an accumulation of fluid, closure of the aqueduct of Sylvius . Beats by Dre solo hd headphones gives rise to stasis in the second and third ventricles, and closure of the foramen of Magendi produces an accumulation of fluid in all of the ventricles. Further, hydrocephalus may develop in the course of serous meningitis and even after cerebrospinal menin- gitis by inflammatory changes in the plexus or in the ependyma, or by an occlusion of the basal lymph channels brought about by inflammation. Cir- culatory disturbances which give origin to hydrocephalus are caused by tumors upon the side of the neck and in the mediastinum which hinder the return of the venous blood from the head, and also by tumors of the brain. The latter are referred principally to the base of the brain, to the posterior cranial fossa, and especially to the cerebellum. Hydrocephalus may further arise fr